Due to the combination of personal compatibility with pharmaceutical effectiveness, it will be increasingly possible to harmonise the particular therapy with the patient's genetic makeup for drug metabolism, absorption, transport, and elimination, leading to a predictive medicine.
Nanoparticles will play one of the most important roles in future drug based therapy, due to their unique biological, chemical and physical properties.
The magnetic/ thermal behaviour of certain types of nanoparticles combined with other specific properties opens a wider spectrum of therapeutical methods such as nanoparticles based thermotherapy.
The deepened and more distinctive knowledge about the very specific acting agent, its predictable interaction with the target, its kinetic and predictable metabolism within the body in the forefront of any drug internalisation will lead to shortened experimentally validated approvals.
Against the background of an expected annual growth rate of the medical devices market by 5 -- 6% and medical imaging systems representing about 8 % of the total devices market7, this is a surprising result because the segments imaging tools and imaging agents, including contrast media and radiopharmaceuticals, can certainly benefit from an advanced technology, based on a deeper understanding of materials and cellular activities.
Monday, November 5, 2007
Key Points - Gen IV Nuclear Energy Systems Roadmap
There are currently 438 nuclear power plants in operation around the world, producing 16% of the world's electricity---the largest share provided by any nongreenhouse-gas-emitting source.
The organization and execution of the roadmap became the responsibility of a Roadmap Integration Team that is advised by the Subcommittee on Generation IV Technology Planning of the U.S. Department of Energy's Nuclear Energy Research Advisory Committee (NERAC).
As preparations for the Generation IV Technology Roadmap began, it was necessary to establish goals for these nuclear energy systems.
In addition to overall summaries regarding fuel cycles and overall sustainability, the section describes missions and economic outlook, approach to safety and reliability, and path forward on proliferation resistance and physical protection.
As a reference case, the FCCG determined waste generation and resource use for the once-through cycle.
The traditional mission for civilian nuclear systems has been generation of electricity, and several evolutionary systems with improved economics and safety are likely in the near future to continue fulfilling this mission.
Eight candidate reactor designs were evaluated with respect to six commercialization and regulatory readiness criteria, including advanced boiling water reactors, pressurized water reactors, and gas-cooled reactors.
Crosscutting R&D for evaluation methods is found in the Crosscutting R&D sections on fuel cycles, risk and safety, economics, and proliferation resistance and physical protection.
The organization and execution of the roadmap became the responsibility of a Roadmap Integration Team that is advised by the Subcommittee on Generation IV Technology Planning of the U.S. Department of Energy's Nuclear Energy Research Advisory Committee (NERAC).
As preparations for the Generation IV Technology Roadmap began, it was necessary to establish goals for these nuclear energy systems.
In addition to overall summaries regarding fuel cycles and overall sustainability, the section describes missions and economic outlook, approach to safety and reliability, and path forward on proliferation resistance and physical protection.
As a reference case, the FCCG determined waste generation and resource use for the once-through cycle.
The traditional mission for civilian nuclear systems has been generation of electricity, and several evolutionary systems with improved economics and safety are likely in the near future to continue fulfilling this mission.
Eight candidate reactor designs were evaluated with respect to six commercialization and regulatory readiness criteria, including advanced boiling water reactors, pressurized water reactors, and gas-cooled reactors.
Crosscutting R&D for evaluation methods is found in the Crosscutting R&D sections on fuel cycles, risk and safety, economics, and proliferation resistance and physical protection.
Key Points - Biopharmaceutical Industry Roadmap
The proposals are aimed at strengthening early-stage companies so that they can advance further along the development chain: from proof-of-principle to Phase I, II and III clinical trials and finally to full regulatory approval of their therapies.
Cancer, the second leading cause of death exceeded only by heart disease, is poorly served by traditional chemotherapies and a major opportunity area for drug development.
Research to find connections between diseases, molecular targets such as an enzyme or receptor protein implicated in the disease process (biology phase), and drug molecules (chemistry phase) capable of modulating the biological activity of the target.
Drug discovery is often perceived as a process that proceeds linearly from gene discovery to gene function (target identification) followed by target validation, combinatorial chemistry, high-through-put screening, hit selection, and lead optimization.
Cancer, the second leading cause of death exceeded only by heart disease, is poorly served by traditional chemotherapies and a major opportunity area for drug development.
Research to find connections between diseases, molecular targets such as an enzyme or receptor protein implicated in the disease process (biology phase), and drug molecules (chemistry phase) capable of modulating the biological activity of the target.
Drug discovery is often perceived as a process that proceeds linearly from gene discovery to gene function (target identification) followed by target validation, combinatorial chemistry, high-through-put screening, hit selection, and lead optimization.
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